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Prostate cancer is a disease in which cells form malignant (cancer) in prostate tissue. The prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system located just below the bladder (the organ that collects and empties urine) and in front of the rectum (the lower part of the intestine). Its size is like a walnut and surrounds part of the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder). The prostate gland produces fluid that makes up part of semen.
Some of the possible signs of prostate cancer include reduced urinary stream caliber and increased frequency of urination. These and other symptoms may be caused by prostate cancer or other conditions. We must see a doctor if you have any of the following problems:
* Decreased caliber or interrupted urinary stream.
* Increased frequency of urination (especially at night).
* Difficulty urinating.
* Pain or burning during urination.
* Blood in urine or semen.
* Aching pain in the back, hips or pelvis.
* Pain with ejaculation.
Some tests to examine the prostate and blood are used to help detect (find) and diagnose prostate cancer. You can use the following tests and procedures:
* Digital rectal exam: The doctor or nurse inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum and feels the prostate through the rectal wall for lumps or abnormal areas.
* Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA): A laboratory test that measures levels of PSA in a blood sample. PSA is a substance produced by the prostate that can be found in greater amounts in the blood of men who have prostate cancer. PSA levels also may be elevated in men who suffer an infection or inflammation of the prostate, or benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate but noncancerous).
* Transrectal ultrasound: A procedure used to examine the prostate. An instrument is inserted through the rectum and the waves of the prostate and sonidorebotan returned. These sound waves create echoes, which are used by a computer to create a picture called a sonogram. Transrectal ultrasound can also be used during a biopsy.
* Biopsy: The removal of cells, tissue or fluid which is then viewed under the microscope to look for signs of disease. There are two types of biopsy procedures that are used to diagnose prostate cancer.
* Transrectal biopsy needle is inserted through the rectum into the prostate and removes a sample of prostate tissue. This procedure is usually done using transrectal ultrasound to help guide the needle.
* Transperineal biopsy: A needle is inserted through the skin between the scrotum and rectum into the prostate and removes a sample of prostate tissue.
Hair loss or alopecia is perhaps the aesthetic problem of most concern to men, especially when it occurs early, barely 20 years old. But as the saying goes, the bad things there is always something good and have to cheer bald: hair loss reduces the risk of advanced prostate cancer .
A clinical study has shown that