The researchers followed nearly 32.269 women in post-menopausal period of eleven years and found that exercise is a good way to prevent breast cancer.

Physical activities that were identified as “vigorous” are those such as running, mountain biking, practice aerobics. But household activities such as intensive care of the garden, cutting wood or cleaning the floor.

In fact that activity was “softer” as walking, or go for a walk on the bike, had no effect in preventing breast cancer.

It is important to note that sport as a preventive activity in relation to this terrible disease is effective only in thin women, not those who are overweight or obese.

Scientists say some of the explanations of the benefits of vigorous exercise are: the reduction of growth factors of potential tumors, improved immune function and decreasing chronic inflammations.

Endometrial cancer

Signs and symptoms

• Any bleeding after menopause
• prolonged periods or bleeding between periods
• An abnormal bloody discharge from the vagina
• Pelvic pain
• Pain during intercourse
• Unintentional weight loss

The risk factors include:

• Many years of menstruation.
• Never having been pregnant.
• irregular periods.
• Obesity.
• A diet high in fat.
• Diabetes.
• Hormone Replacement Therapy.
• Age over 55 years.
• Personal history of breast or ovarian cancer.

Treatment
• Radiation: If your doctor believes you are at high risk of cancer recurrence, may suggest that radiation therapy after a hysterectomy.
• Hormone therapy: If the cancer has spread to other parts of your body, synthetic progestin, a form of the hormone progesterone, can slow their growth. The progestin used in the treatment of endometrial cancer is administered at higher doses used in hormone replacement therapy for menopausal women. Other medications may also be used.
• Chemotherapy: Often, chemotherapy drugs used in combination to increase their effectiveness. In general, women with stage III or IV endometrial cancer be offered chemotherapy.

1. Reproductive factors

Reproductive characteristics associated with risk of breast cancer is nuliparitas, menarche at a young age, menopause at older age, and her first pregnancy at older age. The main risk of breast cancer is age. Estimated, the period between the occurrence of first menstruation to the age at first pregnancy is a window of initiation of breast cancer development. Are anatomically and functionally, will experience breast atrophy with age. Less than 25% of breast cancer occurred before menopause during which the tumor is estimated onset occurred long before the occurrence of clinical changes.

2. Use of hormone
The hormone estrogen associated with breast cancer. Reports from the Harvard School of Public Health stated that there was an increase meaningful breast cancer in users of estrogen replacement therapy. A metaanalisis stated that although there is no risk of breast cancer in oral contraceptive users, women who use this drug for a long time have a higher risk for this cancer before menopause.

3. Fibrocystic disease
In women with adenosis, fibroadenomas, and fibrosis, there is no increased risk of breast cancer. In hiperplasis and papilloma, slightly increased risk of 1.5 to 2 times. Meanwhile, in atypical hyperplasia, the risk increased to 5 times.

4. Obesity
There is a positive relationship between weight and body shape with breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Variation of the frequency of this cancer in Western countries and not the West as well as frequency changes after migration indicates that there is the influence of diet on the occurrence of this malignancy.

5. Fat consumption
Estimated fat consumption as a risk factor for breast cancer. Willet et al., Perform a prospective study over 8 years of fat and fiber consumption in relation to risk of breast cancer in women aged 34 to 59 years.

6. Radiation
Exposure to ionizing radiation during or after puberty increase the risk of breast cancer. From several studies conducted concluded that cancer risk is linearly related to radiation dose and age when the exposure.

7. Family history and genetic factors
Family history is an important component in the history of the patient to be carried out screening for breast cancer. There is an increased risk of this malignancy in women who have breast cancer families. In genetic studies found that breast cancer associated with specific genes. If there BRCA 1, which is a breast cancer gene suseptibilitas, the probability of occurring breast cancer by 60% at the age of 50 years and 85% at the age of 70 years.

World health agencies (WHO) say 8-9 per cent of women will experience breast cancer in her life. Breast cancer can be caused by many things, although the real cause of cancer rely on risk factors alone, the direct cause is not known for sure. Even so, with away from the risk factors, cancer risk goes down.

The world’s cancer experts have recently published a report on the causes and prevention of cancer in a book entitled Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective.

For breast cancer, among other measures mentioned infants at birth take effect on the risk of breast cancer. This is partly because the accumulation of body fat a person has occurred since birth. The experts argued that accumulate fat will affect the hormone which in turn make cells grow abnormally and become cancerous.

Another factor is the menstrual period, which got an early first menstrual period (less than 11 years) or late menopause (age above 60 years). Women who have conditions that would have the reproductive hormone estrogen exposure longer in his life so that the growth potential of cancer is also greater

Factors that also increase the risk for second cancers suffered by most Indonesian women include heredity, age is growing, not having children, and her first pregnancy over 30 years.

For women who have risk factors on the alert is necessary, among others, by doing regular health checks. Routine inspection early stages can be done alone at home. How to touch her breasts and under the armpit area to find a lump. Breast cancer can also be detected with ultrasound and mammography for women aged 35 years and over.

The report also mentioned, if managed well can we actually reduce the risk of breast cancer. For example by running a healthy lifestyle, such as regular exercise, avoid smoking and alcohol, and fatty foods. Breastfeeding is also recommended to reduce the risk of breast cancer.